Assumptions & Evidence Validation Register

Under CBD COP decision 15/6, Ghana must submit its 7th National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity by end February 2026, and update its NBSAP to align with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (adopted Dec 2022; 4 goals and 23 targets).

Source: CBD COP decision 15/6; Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (2022) (2025-04-17) · verified 2026-05-28 · re-check by 2026-06-30

If wrong: Defines biodiversity reporting deadline, template (CBD 7th NR + KMGBF national targets) and NBSAP alignment work.

CITES Annual Report field "Permits issued and refused" (C) is partial for CITES reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division [to verify]

Source: Gap analysis: CITES Annual Report vs Data Trust

If wrong: Required for CITES CITES annual trade report. Due: unknown

CITES Annual Report field "Legislative and administrative measures" (B) is partial for CITES reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division [to verify]

Source: Gap analysis: CITES Annual Report vs Data Trust

If wrong: Required for CITES CITES annual trade report. Due: unknown

CITES Annual Report field "Annual trade in CITES-listed species" (A) is partial for CITES reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division records [to verify]

Source: Gap analysis: CITES Annual Report vs Data Trust

If wrong: Required for CITES CITES annual trade report. Due: unknown

Ramsar NR field "Wetland restoration and rehabilitation" (S4) is partial for Ramsar reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; EPA; WRC

Source: Gap analysis: Ramsar NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2028-03-31

If wrong: Required for Ramsar Ramsar National Report ahead of COP. Due: 2028-03-31

Ramsar NR field "Community engagement and traditional knowledge" (S4) is partial for Ramsar reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; district assemblies; community groups

Source: Gap analysis: Ramsar NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2028-03-31

If wrong: Required for Ramsar Ramsar National Report ahead of COP. Due: 2028-03-31

Ramsar NR field "Wise use policies and practices" (S4) is partial for Ramsar reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; EPA; MOFA; WRC

Source: Gap analysis: Ramsar NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2028-03-31

If wrong: Required for Ramsar Ramsar National Report ahead of COP. Due: 2028-03-31

Ramsar NR field "Threats and pressures on Ramsar Sites" (S3) is partial for Ramsar reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; EPA; site management committees

Source: Gap analysis: Ramsar NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2028-03-31

If wrong: Required for Ramsar Ramsar National Report ahead of COP. Due: 2028-03-31

Ramsar NR field "Ecological character of Ramsar Sites" (S3) is partial for Ramsar reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; site management committees

Source: Gap analysis: Ramsar NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2028-03-31

If wrong: Required for Ramsar Ramsar National Report ahead of COP. Due: 2028-03-31

Ramsar NR field "Ramsar Site designation status" (S2) is partial for Ramsar reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; Ramsar Secretariat

Source: Gap analysis: Ramsar NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2028-03-31

If wrong: Required for Ramsar Ramsar National Report ahead of COP. Due: 2028-03-31

Ramsar NR field "Wetland inventory coverage and status" (S2) is partial for Ramsar reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; EPA; Water Resources Commission (WRC)

Source: Gap analysis: Ramsar NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2028-03-31

If wrong: Required for Ramsar Ramsar National Report ahead of COP. Due: 2028-03-31

Ramsar NR field "National wetland policy and legislation" (S1) is partial for Ramsar reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; EPA; Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources (MLNR)

Source: Gap analysis: Ramsar NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2028-03-31

If wrong: Required for Ramsar Ramsar National Report ahead of COP. Due: 2028-03-31

Ramsar NR field "Ramsar Administrative Authority" (S1) is partial for Ramsar reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division

Source: Gap analysis: Ramsar NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2028-03-31

If wrong: Required for Ramsar Ramsar National Report ahead of COP. Due: 2028-03-31

Stockholm NR field "Effectiveness of measures and alternatives" (IV) is partial for Stockholm Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; research institutions; industry associations

Source: Gap analysis: Stockholm NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for Stockholm Convention National report on measures taken to implement the Stockholm Convention. Due: 2027-12-31

Stockholm NR field "Regulatory and administrative measures" (III) is partial for Stockholm Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Parliament; Attorney-General Department

Source: Gap analysis: Stockholm NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for Stockholm Convention National report on measures taken to implement the Stockholm Convention. Due: 2027-12-31

Stockholm NR field "Production, import, export and use of POPs" (II) is partial for Stockholm Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Ghana Standards Authority; chemical importers

Source: Gap analysis: Stockholm NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for Stockholm Convention National report on measures taken to implement the Stockholm Convention. Due: 2027-12-31

Stockholm NR field "National implementation plan (NIP) status" (I) is partial for Stockholm Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; MESTI

Source: Gap analysis: Stockholm NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for Stockholm Convention National report on measures taken to implement the Stockholm Convention. Due: 2027-12-31

CMS NR field "Conservation of habitats and sites" (III) is partial for CMS reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; EPA

Source: Gap analysis: CMS NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for CMS National report on implementation of the Convention on Migratory Species. Due: 2027-12-31

CMS NR field "Threats and mitigation measures" (IV) is partial for CMS reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; EPA; research institutions

Source: Gap analysis: CMS NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for CMS National report on implementation of the Convention on Migratory Species. Due: 2027-12-31

CMS NR field "National focal point and coordinating mechanism" (I) is partial for CMS reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division

Source: Gap analysis: CMS NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for CMS National report on implementation of the Convention on Migratory Species. Due: 2027-12-31

CMS NR field "Status of Appendix I and II species" (II) is partial for CMS reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; research institutions

Source: Gap analysis: CMS NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for CMS National report on implementation of the Convention on Migratory Species. Due: 2027-12-31

CMS NR field "Legislative and policy framework" (V) is partial for CMS reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission — Wildlife Division; Parliament

Source: Gap analysis: CMS NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for CMS National report on implementation of the Convention on Migratory Species. Due: 2027-12-31

Minamata NR field "Measures taken and their effectiveness" (III) is partial for Minamata Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Minerals Commission; research institutions

Source: Gap analysis: Minamata NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for Minamata Convention National report on mercury measures, emissions, and releases. Due: 2027-12-31

Minamata NR field "Anthropogenic mercury emissions and releases" (II) is partial for Minamata Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Minerals Commission; industrial facilities

Source: Gap analysis: Minamata NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for Minamata Convention National report on mercury measures, emissions, and releases. Due: 2027-12-31

Minamata NR field "Status of NAP on artisanal and small-scale gold mining" (I) is partial for Minamata Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Minerals Commission; Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources

Source: Gap analysis: Minamata NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for Minamata Convention National report on mercury measures, emissions, and releases. Due: 2027-12-31

Stockholm NR field "Effectiveness of measures and alternatives" (IV) is partial for Stockholm Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; research institutions; industry associations

Source: Gap analysis: Stockholm NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for Stockholm Convention National Implementation Plan (NIP) for POPs — update and implementation report. Due: 2027-12-31

Stockholm NR field "Regulatory and administrative measures" (III) is partial for Stockholm Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Parliament; Attorney-General Department

Source: Gap analysis: Stockholm NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for Stockholm Convention National Implementation Plan (NIP) for POPs — update and implementation report. Due: 2027-12-31

Stockholm NR field "Production, import, export and use of POPs" (II) is partial for Stockholm Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Ghana Standards Authority; chemical importers

Source: Gap analysis: Stockholm NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for Stockholm Convention National Implementation Plan (NIP) for POPs — update and implementation report. Due: 2027-12-31

Stockholm NR field "National implementation plan (NIP) status" (I) is partial for Stockholm Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; MESTI

Source: Gap analysis: Stockholm NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2027-12-31

If wrong: Required for Stockholm Convention National Implementation Plan (NIP) for POPs — update and implementation report. Due: 2027-12-31

PRAIS4 field "Voluntary LDN target contributions" (P3) is partial for UNCCD reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Forestry Commission; UNCCD LDN Target Setting Programme

Source: Gap analysis: PRAIS4 vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNCCD UNCCD national report via PRAIS4 (strategic objectives + LDN progress). Due: 2026-12-31

PRAIS4 field "LDN target progress" (P3) is partial for UNCCD reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Forestry Commission; MOFA; satellite monitoring (NDVI, land cover)

Source: Gap analysis: PRAIS4 vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNCCD UNCCD national report via PRAIS4 (strategic objectives + LDN progress). Due: 2026-12-31

PRAIS4 field "LDN baseline and target setting" (P3) is partial for UNCCD reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Forestry Commission; UNCCD LDN Target Setting Programme

Source: Gap analysis: PRAIS4 vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNCCD UNCCD national report via PRAIS4 (strategic objectives + LDN progress). Due: 2026-12-31

PRAIS4 field "Strengthen institutional and policy frameworks" (P2) is partial for UNCCD reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; NDPC; Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources (MLNR)

Source: Gap analysis: PRAIS4 vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNCCD UNCCD national report via PRAIS4 (strategic objectives + LDN progress). Due: 2026-12-31

PRAIS4 field "Mobilize resources for implementation" (P2) is partial for UNCCD reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Ministry of Finance; EPA; development partners

Source: Gap analysis: PRAIS4 vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNCCD UNCCD national report via PRAIS4 (strategic objectives + LDN progress). Due: 2026-12-31

PRAIS4 field "Mitigate and adapt to climate change through sustainable land management" (P2) is partial for UNCCD reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Forestry Commission; MOFA

Source: Gap analysis: PRAIS4 vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNCCD UNCCD national report via PRAIS4 (strategic objectives + LDN progress). Due: 2026-12-31

PRAIS4 field "Improve land productivity and ecosystem services" (P2) is partial for UNCCD reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Forestry Commission; CSIR Soil Research Institute; GEE / satellite datasets

Source: Gap analysis: PRAIS4 vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNCCD UNCCD national report via PRAIS4 (strategic objectives + LDN progress). Due: 2026-12-31

PRAIS4 field "Improve living conditions of affected populations" (P2) is partial for UNCCD reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: NDPC; Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MOFA); Ghana Statistical Service (GSS)

Source: Gap analysis: PRAIS4 vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNCCD UNCCD national report via PRAIS4 (strategic objectives + LDN progress). Due: 2026-12-31

PRAIS4 field "Population and socio-economic context" (P1) is partial for UNCCD reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Ghana Statistical Service (GSS); Bank of Ghana

Source: Gap analysis: PRAIS4 vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNCCD UNCCD national report via PRAIS4 (strategic objectives + LDN progress). Due: 2026-12-31

PRAIS4 field "Land area and land cover classification" (P1) is partial for UNCCD reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission; EPA; FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment; WorldCover / GEE datasets

Source: Gap analysis: PRAIS4 vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNCCD UNCCD national report via PRAIS4 (strategic objectives + LDN progress). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "Total national GHG emissions (excl. LULUCF)" (II.A) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA national GHG inventory; Energy Commission energy statistics

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "National adaptation priorities and strategies" (IV.A) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; National Development Planning Commission (NDPC); sector MDAs

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "LULUCF net emissions / removals" (II.C) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Forestry Commission forest inventory; FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment; EPA

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "National climate governance structure" (I.C) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; MESTI; National Development Planning Commission (NDPC)

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "Geography and climate" (I.A) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Ghana Statistical Service (GSS); EPA climate data; Meteorological Agency

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "Implementation of adaptation actions" (IV.B) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; NDPC; sector MDAs; district assemblies

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "Climate risks and vulnerability assessment" (IV.C) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Ghana Meteorological Agency (GMet); academic institutions

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) targets" (III.A) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; UNFCCC NDC registry

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "NDC progress and achievement" (III.B) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA NDC tracking system; sector MDA reports

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "Technology development and transfer" (V.B) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology & Innovation (MESTI); EPA

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "Capacity-building support" (V.C) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; MESTI; academic and training institutions

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "Population and economy" (I.B) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) — Population and Housing Census; Bank of Ghana

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "Financial support received and needed" (V.A) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: Ministry of Finance; EPA; development partner reports

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

UNFCCC BTR field "Mitigation policies and measures by sector" (III.C) is partial for UNFCCC reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; sector MDAs (Energy Commission, MOFA, FC, MLNR)

Source: Gap analysis: UNFCCC BTR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for UNFCCC Biennial Transparency Report (GHG inventory, NDC progress, adaptation, support). Due: 2026-12-31

Basel NR field "Waste generation and management framework" (I) is partial for Basel Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources; local authorities

Source: Gap analysis: Basel NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for Basel Convention National report on hazardous waste generation, transboundary movements, and disposal. Due: 2026-12-31

Basel NR field "National disposal and recovery capacity" (III) is partial for Basel Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; private waste management operators

Source: Gap analysis: Basel NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for Basel Convention National report on hazardous waste generation, transboundary movements, and disposal. Due: 2026-12-31

Basel NR field "Export and import of hazardous wastes" (II) is partial for Basel Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Customs Division (GRA); waste management companies

Source: Gap analysis: Basel NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for Basel Convention National report on hazardous waste generation, transboundary movements, and disposal. Due: 2026-12-31

Rotterdam NR field "Import responses for chemicals in Annex III" (III) is partial for Rotterdam Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Customs Division (GRA)

Source: Gap analysis: Rotterdam NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for Rotterdam Convention National report on implementation of the Rotterdam Convention. Due: 2026-12-31

Rotterdam NR field "Notifications of final regulatory actions" (II) is partial for Rotterdam Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA; Ghana Standards Authority; Food and Drugs Authority

Source: Gap analysis: Rotterdam NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for Rotterdam Convention National report on implementation of the Rotterdam Convention. Due: 2026-12-31

Rotterdam NR field "DNA contact and institutional arrangements" (I) is partial for Rotterdam Convention reporting. File held but not extracted. Source: EPA

Source: Gap analysis: Rotterdam NR vs Data Trust · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Required for Rotterdam Convention National report on implementation of the Rotterdam Convention. Due: 2026-12-31

Ghana ratified the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal in 2003. The EPA is the national focal point and competent authority. Ghana submits national reports on hazardous waste generation, transboundary movements, and disposal capacity.

Source: Basel Convention — Ghana Party Profile; EPA Ghana — hazardous waste management (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines hazardous-waste reporting obligations, EPA mandate, and Basel national reporting template.

Ghana ratified the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) in 2004. The Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MOFA) is the national focal point. Ghana reports on conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources, farmers' rights, and the multilateral system.

Source: FAO ITPGRFA — Ghana Country Profile (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines plant genetic resources reporting cycle, MOFA mandate, and ITPGRFA national report template.

Ghana ratified the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1975. The Ghana Museums and Monuments Board (GMMB) under the Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Creative Arts is the national focal point. Ghana has two World Heritage Sites (Forts and Castles; Kakum National Park / Assin Manso). Ghana submits periodic reports on the state of conservation.

Source: UNESCO World Heritage Centre — Ghana (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines World Heritage periodic reporting cycle, GMMB mandate, and UNESCO reporting format.

Ghana ratified the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety in 2003. The EPA, as the CBD national focal point, also serves as the Cartagena Protocol focal point. Ghana reports on national biosafety framework implementation, risk assessment capacity, and transboundary movements of living modified organisms (LMOs).

Source: CBD — Cartagena Protocol — Ghana Biosafety Clearing-House profile (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines biosafety reporting obligations, EPA mandate, and Cartagena national report template.

Ghana ratified the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) in 2014. The EPA is the national focal point. Ghana reports on ABS legislative and administrative measures, utilization of genetic resources, and benefit-sharing arrangements.

Source: CBD — Nagoya Protocol — Ghana ABS Clearing-House profile (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines ABS reporting obligations, EPA mandate, and Nagoya national report template.

Ghana ratified the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in 1989. The Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) is the national focal point. Ghana reports annual consumption and production data of ozone-depleting substances (ODS) to the Ozone Secretariat.

Source: UNEP Ozone Secretariat — Ghana Party Status; EPA Ghana — Ozone Depleting Substances programme (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines ozone-layer reporting cadence (annual), template (Montreal Protocol data forms), and EPA mandate.

Ghana is a Party to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 73/78). The Ghana Maritime Authority is the competent authority. Ghana reports on port reception facilities, flag state compliance, and implementation of Annexes I–VI.

Source: IMO — MARPOL — Ghana (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines ship pollution prevention reporting, Ghana Maritime Authority mandate.

Ghana ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 1983. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration is the depositary focal point. UNCLOS requires maritime zone notifications and periodic implementation reports, but exact Ghana reporting cadence and next deadline require verification.

Source: UN Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea — Ghana (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines UNCLOS party status and focal point; exact reporting cycle to be confirmed.

Ghana acceded to the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS, or Bonn Convention) in 2005. The Wildlife Division of the Forestry Commission is the national focal point. Ghana reports on implementation measures for Appendix I and II species, including habitat conservation and cooperative agreements.

Source: CMS — Ghana Party Profile (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines migratory species reporting obligations, Wildlife Division mandate, and CMS national report template.

Ghana ratified the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent (PIC) Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade in 2005. The EPA is the designated national authority (DNA). Ghana reports on import responses, regulatory actions, and national implementation.

Source: Rotterdam Convention — Ghana Party Profile (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines PIC reporting obligations, EPA mandate, and Rotterdam reporting format.

Ghana ratified the Minamata Convention on Mercury in 2017. The EPA is the national focal point. Ghana is required to develop a National Action Plan (NAP) for artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) and report periodically on mercury use, emissions, and releases.

Source: Minamata Convention — Ghana Party Profile (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines mercury reporting obligations, ASGM NAP requirement, EPA mandate, and Minamata reporting template.

Ghana ratified the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in 2002. The EPA is the national focal point. Ghana has developed a National Implementation Plan (NIP) for POPs and reports periodically on implementation measures, including restrictions, waste management, and unintentional releases.

Source: Stockholm Convention — Ghana Party Profile; EPA Ghana — POPs programme (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines POPs reporting cycle, NIP status, EPA mandate, and Stockholm reporting template.

Ghana is a Contracting Party to the Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention). The Ghana Maritime Authority is the competent authority. Ghana reports on dumping permits and sea disposal activities.

Source: IMO — London Convention — Ghana (2024-01-01) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2027-01-01

If wrong: Defines marine pollution dumping reporting, Ghana Maritime Authority mandate.

Ghana is a Party to CITES, with the Wildlife Division of the Forestry Commission serving as the designated CITES Management Authority. Ghana is obligated to submit CITES Annual Trade Reports by October 31 of each year for the preceding year's trade data, as well as periodic Implementation Reports every three years.

Source: CITES Article VIII, paragraph 7; Forestry Commission of Ghana (Wildlife Division) CITES Secretariat guidance (2025-01-01) · verified 2026-05-30 · re-check by 2027-05-30

If wrong: Species-trade reporting — left unverified to demonstrate the no-unverified-to-client gate.

Verified that Wildlife Division of the Forestry Commission is the Management Authority and confirmed the annual trade report deadline of October 31.

Ghana is a Party to CITES and, as a Management Authority function, submits annual trade reports and periodic implementation reports. EXACT Ghana cadence, due dates and managing institution NOT YET VERIFIED this cycle.

Source: CITES Secretariat — Ghana acceded 1975; UNEP-WCMC CITES Trade Database; CITES Resolution Conf.11.17 (Rev.CoP18); U.S. Congressional Research Service RL32751 (Jan 2026) · verified 2026-05-29 · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Species-trade reporting — left unverified to demonstrate the no-unverified-to-client gate.

Ghana is a Party to CITES (acceded 1975, deposited instrument 1976). Ghana has a designated Management Authority (Wildlife Division, Forestry Commission) responsible for issuing permits and compiling annual trade reports per Article VIII(7)(a). Annual reports are submitted, though with occasional delays and compliance gaps. As of December 2025, Ghana was under species-specific trade suspension (not complete suspension), indicating ongoing membership with compliance issues. The claim is verified.

Under the Paris Agreement Enhanced Transparency Framework (decision 18/CMA.1), Ghana must submit Biennial Transparency Reports (BTR) every two years. Ghana submitted its first BTR (BTR1) on 28 December 2024; the next (BTR2) is due 31 December 2026.

Source: UNFCCC — Ghana BTR1 submission (28 Dec 2024); Paris Agreement ETF decision 18/CMA.1 (2024-12-28) · verified 2026-05-28 · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Drives the entire climate-reporting workstream cadence and the BTR template GAB adapts client data to.

Ghana is a Contracting Party to the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands and submits a National Report ahead of each triennial Conference of the Parties (COP). COP15 was held 23-31 July 2025 (Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe); the next national report falls due ahead of COP16.

Source: Ramsar Convention COP15 (Jul 2025); triennial National Report cycle (2025-07-31) · verified 2026-05-28 · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Defines wetlands reporting template and cadence; underpins GAB Ramsar/wetlands consultancy outputs.

Ghana reports to the UNCCD via the PRAIS platform; the secretariat launched PRAIS4 for the 2026 national reporting process (Aug 2025). Ghana has set Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) targets for 2030, including reforesting 882.86 km2 and improving 18,475.96 km2 of cropland.

Source: UNCCD PRAIS4 (2026 reporting process); Ghana LDN Target Setting Programme Country Report (2025-08-01) · verified 2026-05-28 · re-check by 2026-12-31

If wrong: Defines land-degradation reporting template (PRAIS4) and Ghana LDN baseline/targets used in client land work.